Same multiplicative order modulo p and p^2
In the abelian group $\Z/n$, the order of $m\in \Z/n$ can be calculated via the formula $n/{\rm gcd}(m,n)$. This number is just the smallest number you have to multiply $m$ by in order to get a multiple of $n$. So when $n = p$ is a prime, every we see that every nonzero element of […]